Memory disorders: Why do they occur?

Three stages are distinguished in memory, each of which has its own disorders.

The first stage of memory is assimilation of information, its disorder is called fixation amnesia. A person cannot remember what is happening at that moment: the problem is related to short-term memory impairment.

The second stage of memory is the stage of information storage, its disorders are amnesias. The main causes are acute intoxications, head injuries, syndromes of impaired consciousness. In retrograde amnesia, memories before the event are lost, and in anterograde amnesia, events that happened after the event are forgotten.

Cases of complete amnesia are rare. One of the disorders belonging to the second stage is hypomnesia, during which there is a general decrease in the level of memory. During hypermnesia there is an exacerbation of memory. a person begins to remember small details, mechanical memory is strengthened. This disorder is characteristic of manic states.

The third stage of memory is the stage of information extraction. Disturbances in this phase are called paramnesias, memory disturbances. The missing parts of the memory are filled in with some other information. The three main types are pseudoreminiscences, cryptomnesias, and confabulations. In the case of phantasms, the patient lies to fill a memory gap and after a while begins to believe his own lie.

In this section, the phenomenon of déjà vu is special, when it seems to a person that the given situation has already happened in his life.

The opposite phenomenon of déjà vu is called déjà vu. During this, a person seems to be in a situation for the first time or to see another person for the first time. Jamevu can testify about certain pathological processes taking place in the brain.

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